Dandruff is a common scalp condition marked by white flakes on the scalp and itching. Skin cells die and flake off the body all the time, but if the rate is increased and the scaly flakes are not removed then they can be seen on the head.

It appears to be caused by a yeast-like fungus called malassezia, also known as pityrosporum. Malassezia is normally found on the scalp without causing problems, however, if it grows unchecked (possibly due to hormone imbalances, stress, immune suppression, infrequent shampooing, illness, or increased oil …